Womic Stainless Steel Co., Ltd

Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tubes

310S furnace tube,NAS 800 Nickel Alloy Tubes,ASME SA213 TP310S
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Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tubes

High-Performance Seamless and Welded Tubes for Sulfuric Acid Service, Chemical Processing, and Extreme Corrosive Environments

Premium Alloy 20 (Carpenter 20) Stainless Steel Tubes for Sulfuric Acid Plants, Chemical Reactors, and Aggressive Corrosive Service

Womic Steel manufactures premium Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tubes, including Seamless and Welded options. Our nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum-copper alloy tubes provide exceptional resistance to sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄), nitric acid (HNO₃), and chloride stress corrosion cracking. With a unique combination of nickel (32-38%), chromium (19-21%), molybdenum (2-3%), and copper (3-4%), Alloy 20 offers superior performance in aggressive chemical environments where stainless steel grades (316L, 317L) and even some nickel alloys are insufficient. They are the ideal choice for sulfuric acid plant heat exchangers, chemical reactors, storage tank heating coils, piping systems, pharmaceutical equipment, food processing vessels, and extreme corrosive service applications.

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Key Features of Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tubes

Exceptional Sulfuric Acid Resistance: Outstanding resistance to sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) across a wide range of concentrations and temperatures, making Alloy 20 the premier material for sulfuric acid plant heat exchangers and piping.

Excellent Phosphoric and Nitric Acid Resistance: Superior performance in phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) and nitric acid (HNO₃) service, suitable for fertilizer production and chemical processing.

Superior Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance: High nickel content (32-38%) provides excellent resistance to chloride-induced SCC, outperforming 304L, 316L, and 317L stainless steels.

Good Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance: Molybdenum (2-3%) and copper (3-4%) additions provide enhanced resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride-containing environments.

Excellent Weldability: Niobium stabilization prevents sensitization and intergranular corrosion, allowing for excellent weldability without post-weld heat treatment.

Surface Quality: Smooth internal and external surfaces available in annealed, pickled, or polished conditions for critical chemical applications.

Mechanical Strength: Good tensile and yield strength suitable for high-pressure chemical processing and pressure vessel applications.

International Certification: Tubes can be certified by ABS, BV, DNV, LR, GL, RINA, CCS, KR, and NK, and comply with ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Section VIIINACE MR0175/ISO 15156, and NORSOK M-650 standards.

Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube Related International Standards and Grades

he Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tubes produced by Womic Steel conform to multiple international specifications used in chemical processing, pharmaceutical, and pressure applications:

Standard

Description

Equivalent Grade / Material Number

ASTM B729 / ASME SB729

Seamless nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum-copper alloy tube

UNS N08020 (Alloy 20)

ASTM B464 / ASME SB464

Welded nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum-copper alloy pipe

UNS N08020

ASTM B463

Nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum-copper alloy plate, sheet, and strip

UNS N08020

ASTM B473

Nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum-copper alloy bar and wire

UNS N08020

EN 10216-5

Seamless stainless steel tubes for pressure purposes

2.4660 (NiCr21MoCu)

DIN 17751

Nickel alloy tubes

NiCr21MoCu (2.4660)

ISO 6207

Nickel alloy seamless tubes

NiCr21MoCu

NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156

Sour service compliance

Alloy 20

NORSOK M-650

Qualification of special materials

Alloy 20

These standards ensure that Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tubes meet global requirements for chemical composition, mechanical performance, testing, and dimensional accuracy.

Commonly Used Nickel Alloy & Stainless Steel Tube Grades Produced by Womic Steel

Different specifications can be customized according to special requirements.

Execution Standard

Main Standard

Standard Grade

ASTM (USA)

ASTM B729, B464, B622, B444, A213

Alloy 20 (N08020), Alloy 825 (N08825), Inconel 625 (N06625), Hastelloy C276 (N10276), Monel 400 (N04400), TP316/L, TP317/L

ASME (USA)

SB729, SB464, SB622, SB444, SA213

Alloy 20, Alloy 825, Inconel 625, Hastelloy C276, Monel 400

EN / DIN (Europe)

EN 10216-5, EN 10217-7

2.4660 (Alloy 20), 2.4858 (Alloy 825), 2.4856 (Inconel 625), 2.4819 (Hastelloy C276)

ISO (International)

ISO 6207

NiCr21MoCu (2.4660), NiCr21Mo (2.4858)

NACE (International)

NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156

Alloy 20, Alloy 825, Inconel 625, Hastelloy C276

NORSOK (Norway)

NORSOK M-650

Alloy 20, Alloy 825, Inconel 625

Chemical Composition of Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube (UNS N08020)

Element

Ni

Cr

Fe

Mo

Cu

Nb+Ta

C

Mn

P

S

Si

Alloy 20

32.0–38.0

19.0–21.0

Balance

2.0–3.0

3.0–4.0

8×C – 1.0

≤0.07

≤2.0

≤0.045

≤0.035

≤1.0

Note: Alloy 20 (UNS N08020) is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy with controlled additions of molybdenum and copper for enhanced corrosion resistance in sulfuric acid service. The copper content (3-4%) provides outstanding resistance to sulfuric acid, while molybdenum (2-3%) enhances pitting resistance. Niobium stabilization prevents sensitization and intergranular corrosion after welding, making Alloy 20 suitable for welded chemical processing equipment without post-weld heat treatment.


Comparison with Other Corrosion-Resistant Alloys:

Property

Alloy 20

316L Stainless

Alloy 825

Inconel 625

Nickel (%)

32-38

10-14

38-46

≥58

Copper (%)

3-4

1.5-3.0

Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄)

Excellent

Poor

Excellent

Good

Chloride SCC Resistance

Excellent

Poor

Excellent

Outstanding

Relative Cost

Medium-High

Low

High

Premium

Typical Application

Sulfuric acid

General service

Mixed acids

Seawater


Comparison with Alloy 825 (Similar Family) :

Property

Alloy 20

Alloy 825

Nickel (%)

32-38

38-46

Chromium (%)

19-21

19.5-23.5

Molybdenum (%)

2-3

2.5-3.5

Copper (%)

3-4

1.5-3.0

Sulfuric Acid Resistance

Excellent

Excellent

Cost

Lower

Higher

Typical Application

Sulfuric acid plants

Mixed acids, sour service

Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube Mechanical Properties and Heat Treatment Requirements

The Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube offers good mechanical properties and excellent fabricability for demanding chemical processing applications.

Property

Unit

Alloy 20 (Annealed)

Tensile Strength (min)

MPa

≥550

Yield Strength (0.2% offset, min)

MPa

≥240

Elongation (min)

%

≥30

Hardness (typical)

HBW

≤200

Density

g/cm³

8.08

Melting Range

°C

1350–1400

Thermal Conductivity (20°C)

W/m·K

12.6

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (20–100°C)

μm/m·K

15.3

Modulus of Elasticity (20°C)

GPa

195


High-Temperature Tensile Properties (Typical Values) :

Temperature (°C)

Tensile Strength (MPa)

Yield Strength (MPa)

20

580–650

260–320

100

560–630

240–300

200

540–600

230–280

300

520–580

220–270

400

480–540

200–250

500

420–480

180–220


Maximum Recommended Service Temperatures:

Service Type

Maximum Temperature

Continuous Service (Sulfuric Acid)

150°C (302°F)

Continuous Service (General Corrosive)

400°C (752°F)

Sour Service (NACE MR0175)

232°C (450°F)

Minimum Service Temperature

-196°C (-321°F)

Critical Note: Alloy 20 is niobium-stabilized, which prevents sensitization and intergranular corrosion after welding. Unlike many stainless steels, Alloy 20 can be used in the as-welded condition without post-weld heat treatment for most corrosive environments. This is a significant advantage for field fabrication and repair.


Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube – Heat Treatment Condition:

Alloy 20 tubes are normally supplied in the annealed condition (solution annealed at 925–1010°C) followed by rapid cooling (water quenching). This heat treatment:

1. Dissolves precipitated carbides and intermetallic phases.

2. Relieves internal stresses from cold drawing or cold pilgering.

3. Restores optimum corrosion resistance and ductility.

4. Ensures niobium stabilization is effective.


Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube – Delivery Condition:

Tubes are normally supplied in annealed and pickled condition, providing a clean, smooth surface and excellent corrosion resistance. Upon request, bright annealed (BA) finish or polished finishes can be provided for pharmaceutical and high-purity applications.

Manufacturing Process of Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube (Seamless)

Womic Steel adopts advanced production technology to ensure each Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube meets exact specifications and flawless surface quality.

· Raw Material Selection: High-quality Alloy 20 billets from certified premium mills (Special Metals, VDM Metals, Carpenter) with certified chemical composition (Ni 32-38%, Cr 19-21%, Mo 2-3%, Cu 3-4% verification) and traceability.

· Heating and Piercing: Billets heated to a controlled temperature range (1150–1200°C) and pierced using a rotary piercing mill to form hollow shells.

· Hot Rolling: Shells elongated and rolled to desired intermediate size with strict temperature control.

· Cold Drawing / Cold Pilgering: Tubes refined to precise dimensions and improved surface finish. Multiple passes with intermediate annealing required.

· Solution Annealing: Heat treatment at 925–1010°C followed by water quenching to restore corrosion resistance and ductility.

· Pickling & Passivation: Removal of oxides using specialized pickling acids optimized for nickel-iron-chromium alloys; thorough rinsing required.

· Straightening and Dimensional Calibration: Ensures consistent roundness and wall uniformity.

· Final Inspection & Marking: Each tube tested, marked with grade, heat number, standard, and tube dimensions before packing.

This process guarantees a smooth internal bore, high structural integrity, and exceptional corrosion resistance across all batches of Womic Steel’s Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tubes.

Manufacturing Process of Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube (Welded)

Womic Steel utilizes state-of-the-art manufacturing technology to ensure every Alloy 20 Welded Stainless Steel Tube meets precise specifications and delivers excellent surface quality and performance.

1.   Raw Material Selection: High-quality Alloy 20 strips/coils from certified premium mills with full traceability.

2.   Slitting & Uncoiling: The steel coil is slit to the required width and uncoiled for feeding into the forming mill.

3.   Forming & Welding: The strip is progressively formed into a cylindrical shape and the edges are welded together using advanced TIG or Plasma welding techniques with matching filler metal (ERNiCrMo-3 or ERNiCrMo-10) to create a solid weld seam.

4.   Weld Seam Treatment: The external weld bead is removed to achieve a smooth surface, and the internal bead may be controlled or treated for bore cleanliness.

5.   Solution Annealing: A full heat treatment process at 925–1010°C is applied to dissolve carbides, restore corrosion resistance, and relieve stresses from welding and forming.

6.   Sizing & Calibration: The tube is passed through a sizing mill to achieve the final precise outer diameter and roundness.

7.   Straightening: The tube is straightened to ensure optimal linearity.

8.   Pickling & Passivation: Chemical treatment removes scale and impurities, while promoting the formation of a protective passive oxide layer on the surface, including the weld zone.

9.   Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) : The weld seam is inspected using methods like Eddy Current or Ultrasonic Testing to ensure integrity and quality.

10.Final Inspection & Marking: Each tube undergoes dimensional checks, visual inspection, and is marked with grade, heat number, and relevant standards before packaging.

11. This controlled process guarantees a consistent weld seam, excellent dimensional accuracy, and superior corrosion resistance for every batch of Womic Steel’s Alloy 20 Welded Stainless Steel Tubes.

Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube Dimensions and Tolerances

1. Outside Diameter: 6.0mm – 152mm (1/4″ – 6″)

2. Wall Thickness: 0.5mm – 12.7mm (0.020″ – 0.500″)

3. Length: Up to 20m (straight lengths)

4. OD Tolerances:

Standard: ±0.10mm

Precision: ±0.05mm (upon request)

5. Wall Thickness Tolerances:

Standard: ±10% of nominal

Precision: ±8% of nominal (upon request)

6. Straightness: 0.5mm per 1000mm length typical


ANSI B 36.19/ANSI B36.10 DIMENSIONS OF SEAMLESS &WELDED STAINLESS STEEL PIPE

Nominalsize

mm

ANSIB36.19

ANSIB36.10ANSIB36.10

DN

NPS

mm

5S

10S

40S

80S

10

20

30

STD

40

60

XS

80

100

120

140

160XXS

6

1/8"

10.29


1.24

1.73

2.41




1.73

1.73


2.41

2.41






8

1/4"

13.72


1.65

2.24

3.02




2.24

2.24


3.02

3.02






10

3/8"

17.15


1.65

2.31

3.20




2.31

2.31


3.20

3.20






15

1/2"

21.34

1.65

2.11

2.77

3.73




2.77

2.77


3.73

3.73




4.78

7.47

20

3/4"

26.67

1.65

2.11

2.87

3.91




2.87

2.87


3.91

3.91




5.56

7.82

25

1"

33.4

1.65

2.77

3.38

4.55




3.38

3.38


4.55

4.55




6.35

9.09

32

1 1/4"

42.16

1.65

2.77

3.56

4.85




3.56

3.56


4.85

4.85




6.35

9.70

40

1 1/2"

48.26

1.65

2.77

3.68

5.08




3.68

3.68


5.08

5.08




7.14

10.16

50

2"

60.33

1.65

2.77

3.91

5.54




3.91

3.91


5.54

5.54




8.74

11.07

65

2 1/2"

73.03

2.11

3.05

5.16

7.01




5.16

5.16


7.01

7.01




9.52

14.02

80

3"

88.9

2.11

3.05

5.49

7.62




5.49

5.49


7.62

7.62




11.13

15.24

90

3 1/2"

101.6

2.11

3.05

5.74

8.08




5.74

5.74


8.08

8.08






100

4"

114.3

2.11

3.05

6.02

8.56




6.02

6.02


8.56

8.56


11.13


13.50

17.12

125

5”

141.3

2.77

3.40

6.55

9.52




6.55

6.55


9.52

9.52


12.70


15.90

19.05

150

6"

168.28

2.77

3.40

7.11

10.97




7.11

7.11


10.97

10.97


14.30


18.20

21.95

200

8"

219.08

2.77

3.76

8.18

12.70


6.35

7.04

8.18

8.18

10.30

12.70

12.70

15.10

18.20

20.60

23.00

22.22

250

10"

273.05

3.40

4.19

9.27

12.70


6.35

7.80

9.27

9.27

12.70

12.70

15.09

18.26

21.44

25.40

28.58


300

12"

323.85

3.96

4.57

9.52

12.70


6.35

8.38

9.52

10.31

14.27

12.70

17.48

21.44

25.40

28.58

33.32


350

14"

355.6

3.98

4.78



6.35

7.92

9.52

9.52

11.13

15.09

12.70

19.05

23.83

27.79

31.75

35.71


400

16"

406.4

4.19

4.78



6.35

7.92

9.52

9.52

12.70

16.66

12.70

21.44

26.19

30.96

36.53

40.49


450

18"

459.2

4.19

4.78



6.35

7.92

11.13

9.52

14.27

19.05

12.70

23.83

29.36

34.92

39.67

45.24


500

20"

508

4.77

5.53



6.35

9.52

12.70

9.52

15.09

20.62

12.70

26.19

32.54

38.10

44.45

50.01


550

22"

558.8

4.77

5.53



6.35

9.52

12.70

9.52

15.87

22.22

12.70

28.57

34.92

41.27

47.62

53.97


600

24"

609.6

5.54

6.35



6.35

9.52

14.70

9.52

17.48

24.61

12.70

30.96

38.89

46.02

52.37

59.94


650

26"

660.4





7.92

12.70


9.52



12.70







700

28"

711.2





7.92

12.70

15.88

9.52



12.70







750

30"

762

6.35

7.92



7.92

12.70

15.88

9.52



12.70







800

32"

812.8





7.92

12.70

15.88

9.52



12.70







Surface Conditions of Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube

Womic Steel offers a wide range of surface finishes to meet various chemical processing, pharmaceutical, and critical service applications.

Surface Type

Description

Annealed & Pickled (AP Finish)

Standard industrial finish – matte, oxide-free after acid treatment. Suitable for most chemical processing applications.

Bright Annealed (BA Finish)

Mirror-like surface obtained through controlled atmosphere annealing.

Polished Finish (180#, 240#, 320#, 400#)

Smooth mechanical finish suitable for high-purity and pharmaceutical applications.

Electropolished Finish

Extremely clean, smooth, and hygienic finish ideal for pharmaceutical and high-purity applications.

Passivated Finish

Surface chemically treated to enhance corrosion protection.

Each Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube surface is inspected for uniform appearance, absence of pits, and consistent finish quality.

Testing and Inspection of Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube

Every Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube undergoes comprehensive inspection in accordance with ASTM B729, EN 10216-5, and NACE standards to guarantee reliability and performance:

Test / Inspection

Description

Applicability

Visual & Dimensional Inspection

Surface, roundness, and thickness checked.

100%

Hydrostatic Pressure Test

100% tested for leakage and pressure resistance.

100%

Eddy Current Test (ECT)

Detects surface and sub-surface imperfections.

100%

Ultrasonic Test (UT)

Ensures internal integrity of the seamless structure.

Upon request

Positive Material Identification (PMI)

Confirms correct chemical grade (Ni, Cr, Mo, Cu verification).

100% (per heat)

Intergranular Corrosion Test (IGC)

ASTM G28 – validates resistance to intergranular corrosion.

Per heat / batch

Flattening & Flaring Tests

Evaluate ductility and deformation capability.

Per heat / batch

Hardness & Tensile Testing

Confirms mechanical compliance with ASTM standards.

Per heat / batch

Sulfuric Acid Corrosion Test

ASTM G31 – weight loss in H₂SO₄ (copper advantage verification).

Upon request

Surface Roughness and Cleanliness Check

For polished or pharmaceutical tubes.

Upon request

Third-Party Inspection (SGS / BV / DNV / TUV)

Available upon customer request.

Upon request

These extensive tests ensure that every Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube from Womic Steel meets the highest international standards for reliability and longevity.

Applications of Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube

Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube is ideal for a wide variety of chemical processing industries, offering long service life in demanding conditions:

Industry

Typical Applications

Sulfuric Acid Production

Sulfuric acid plant heat exchangers, sulfuric acid coolers and heaters, acid piping systems, storage tank heating coils, acid dilution systems (NACE MR0175 compliant for sour service).

Phosphoric Acid Service

Phosphoric acid evaporators, heat exchangers, fertilizer production equipment, wet-process phosphoric acid plants.

Nitric Acid Service

Nitric acid coolers, heaters, piping systems, ammonium nitrate production equipment.

Chemical Processing

Chemical reactors, process vessels, piping systems for aggressive chemicals, organic acid processing, chlorinated hydrocarbon handling.

Pharmaceutical

High-purity process lines, API (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient) reactors, sterile transfer lines, clean steam systems, chemical synthesis equipment.

Food & Beverage

Food processing equipment, citric acid service, pickling systems, food-grade chemical handling.

Petrochemical

Amine service, glycol service, sour water strippers, catalytic cracking unit components.

Marine Engineering

Chemical tanker piping systems, cargo handling lines (ship classification certifications available from ABS, BV, DNV, LR, GL, RINA, CCS, KR, NK).

Pollution Control

Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems, scrubber components, waste treatment heat exchangers.

Metal Finishing

Pickling lines, acid recovery systems, spent acid handling equipment.

Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube Packing, Delivery, and Womic Steel's Transportation Advantage

Each Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube is securely packed and clearly labeled to ensure safe and efficient transport worldwide.

General packaging for local truck transport:
Bundle packing with woven fabric, iron strip bundle, plastic cap on two ends.

Hexagonal packaging:
Bundle packing with woven fabric, iron strip bundle, plastic cap on two ends.

Packaging for chemical processing tubes:
Wooden crate with foam padding, individual tube separation, plastic end caps for export sea-worthy transport.

General packaging for products to be exported:
Wooden box for export sea-worthy transport.

Packaging for pharmaceutical and high-purity tubes:
Individual wrapping, foam padding, wooden crate with moisture barrier, tamper-evident sealing.

Packaging for long-length tubing:

Steel or wooden crates with internal support to prevent bending.

Womic Steel's Shipping and Delivery Strengths on Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tubes:

Direct cooperation with global shipowners ensures the most competitive freight rates.

Professional loading and securing teams guarantee damage-free shipment.

Efficient document preparation (EN 10204 3.1/3.2 certificates, MTR, heat treatment certificates, NACE compliance documentation), minimizing customs delays.

Rapid delivery time — select sizes kept in ready stock.

Continuous cargo tracking and after-sales follow-up to ensure smooth arrival at destination.

Why Choose Womic Steel's Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tube

Womic Steel is a trusted manufacturer and exporter specializing in Alloy 20 Stainless Steel Tubes, committed to delivering premium quality and professional service for the chemical processing industry.

Strict quality control under ISO 9001, ASME, and PED certification.

Sulfuric acid industry standard – premier material for H₂SO₄ heat exchangers and piping.

Excellent weldability – niobium stabilization eliminates post-weld heat treatment requirements.

Superior chloride SCC resistance – high nickel content provides outstanding resistance to SCC.

Cost-effective alternative – lower cost than Alloy 825 and Inconel 625 for sulfuric acid service.

Modern production lines and experienced technicians.

Complete testing, inspection, and documentation support.

Flexible customization and surface finishing options (BA, polished, electropolished).

Fast production cycle and reliable global shipping.

Premium mill relationships – direct sourcing from Special Metals, VDM Metals, Carpenter.

Full traceability – from melt to final tube, complete certification package.

NACE MR0175 compliant – suitable for sour service applications.

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